Provision of pedagogical materials

Textbooks are manuals of instruction that must ensure three principles supported by UNESCO: their accessibility by all, their quality and relevance to the curriculum and their efficacity as a tool for peace and global citizenship. As such, textbooks are an essential part of the teaching and learning materials, and governments must give attention their provision and equal access to the learners. In Sub-Saharan Africa, there are an average of 2.2 pupils per reading textbook, and 3.5 pupils per mathematics textbook (UIS, 2015). Thus decision-makers must find a balance between textbooks affordability and quality. In order to respect the generally agreed learner-centred approach, textbooks provision and content must be decided according to the wide and diverse learners' needs. Therefore, a sustainable, affordable and accessible textbooks-related policy can have a positive impact on education quality, equity and access. It also important to pay attention to teacher guides: they are often edited together with textbooks to help teachers follow the curriculum but also adapt to students’ pedagogical needs. See more...

Lesson plans and teacher guides are the two common resources when it comes to teacher education and support. Elaborating lesson plans and teacher guides seems important in order for pupils to learn in the best conditions, that is why political actors must consider giving attention to these teaching support in order to increase quality education in their countries. Lesson plans and teacher guides must be on the alignment with the curriculum and classroom realities. They aim at helping teachers to adapt their pedagogy and to have a directive line in what they teach and how they teach it. See more...

Pedagogy stands for the dynamic relationship between learning, teaching and culture. Pedagogy interacts with and draws together beliefs about learners and learning, teacher and teaching and curriculum. Teaching aid is an object or device used by a teacher to enhance or enliven classroom instruction. There are three broad categories of teaching aids, audio aids, video aids and a combination of audio-video aids. See more...

Curriculum in the simplest terms, is a description of what, why, how and when students should learn. There are 4 main categories for judging the quality of a curriculum: Development of the curriculum; curriculum content; implementation of the curriculum and curriculum evaluation. A good quality curriculum encourages and expects students to understand a multitude of subjects, such as understanding the purpose of classroom activities and participate actively in them. See more...